COINCIDENCE AND THE LAW OF CAUSALITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67281/issue.v4i2.61Keywords:
Coincidence, Causality, Islamic Philosophy, Cause and Effect, BurhānAbstract
Coincidence is often understood as an event that occurs without a cause. However, this understanding contradicts the law of causality in Islamic philosophy, which asserts that every effect necessarily has a cause. This study aims to address the possibility of a causeless coincidence, the position of coincidence in Islamic philosophy, and the philosophical consequences of regarding coincidence as an event that genuinely occurs without a cause. This study employs a qualitative approach based on document or textual study, emphasizing an in-depth analysis of written materials within their respective contexts. The primary sources include the works of Islamic philosophers such as Avicenna, al-Farabi, and Averroes. The analysis applies the method of rational demonstration (burhān) through logical reasoning and the use of verifiable facts and textual evidence. The findings indicate that absolute coincidence is not recognized in Islamic philosophy because all phenomena are subject to the law of cause and effect. Coincidence is merely relative, arising from the limitations of human reason in comprehending hidden causal relationships. Therefore, every event still has a cause, and coincidence must be understood within the framework of causality. Further research is expected to examine the relationship between causality and probability in modern science.
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